The importance of causal relationships in medicine and health care
Study designs which can demostrate and test causation
The results obtained from studies of causation
Selection of subjects for study
Error and bias in observation
Confounding
Chance variation
Combining results from several studies: systematic review and meta-analysis
The diagnosis of causation
Critical appraisal of a randomized clinical trial
Critical appraisal of a randomized trial of a preventive agent
Critical appraisal of a prospective cohort study
Critical appraisal of a retrospective cohort study
Critical appraisal of a matched case-control study
Critical appraisal of a large population-based case-control study.
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Critical appraisal of epidemiological studies and clinical trials by J. Mark Elwood. ISBN 9780198529552. Published by Oxford University Press in 2007. Publication and catalogue information, links to buy online and reader comments.
