Preface xiii
Statistical packages xix
About the Website xxi
PART 1: PRESENTING DATA 1
1 Data types 3
1.1 Does it really matter? 3
1.2 Interval scale data 4
1.3 Ordinal scale data 4
1.4 Nominal scale data 5
1.5 Structure of this book 6
1.6 Chapter summary 6
2 Data presentation 7
2.1 Numerical tables 8
2.2 Bar charts and histograms 9
2.3 Pie charts 14
2.4 Scatter plots 16
2.5 Pictorial symbols 21
2.6 Chapter summary 22
PART 2: INTERVAL-SCALE DATA 23
3 Descriptive statistics for interval scale data 25
3.1 Summarising data sets 25
3.2 Indicators of central tendency: Mean, median and mode 26
3.3 Describing variability – Standard deviation and coefficient of variation 33
3.4 Quartiles – Another way to describe data 36
3.5 Describing ordinal data 40
3.6 Using computer packages to generate descriptive statistics 43
3.7 Chapter summary 45
4 The normal distribution 47
4.1 What is a normal distribution? 47
4.2 Identifying data that are not normally distributed 48
4.3 Proportions of individuals within 1SD or 2SD of the mean 52
4.4 Skewness and kurtosis 54
4.5 Chapter summary 57
4.6 Appendix: Power, sample size and the problem of attempting to test for a normal distribution 58
5 Sampling from populations. The standard error of the mean 63
5.1 Samples and populations 63
5.2 From sample to population 65
5.3 Types of sampling error 65
5.4 What factors control the extent of random sampling error when estimating a population mean? 68
5.5 Estimating likely sampling error – The SEM 70
5.6 Offsetting sample size against SD 74
5.7 Chapter summary 75
6 95% Confidence Interval for the Mean and Data Transformation 77
6.1 What is a confidence interval? 78
6.2 How wide should the interval be? 78
6.3 What do we mean by ‘95%’ confidence? 79
6.4 Calculating the interval width 80
6.5 A long series of samples and 95% C.I.s 81
6.6 How sensitive is the width of the C.I. to changes in the SD, the sample size or the required level of confidence? 82
6.7 Two statements 85
6.8 One-sided 95% C.I.s 85
6.9 The 95% C.I.
OBNB doesn't sell books, but you may be able to find a copy at one of these websites:
Essential statistics for the pharmaceutical sciences by Philip Rowe. ISBN 9781118913413. Published by Wiley Blackwell in 2015. Publication and catalogue information, links to buy online and reader comments.
